Non-compliant vehicles cannot be sold in the EU, but new standards do not apply to vehicles already on the roads. Compliance is determined by running the engine at a standardised test cycle. For each vehicle type, different standards apply. In the European Union, emissions of nitrogen oxides ( NO x), total hydrocarbon (THC), non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) are regulated for most vehicle types, including cars, trucks (lorries), locomotives, tractors and similar machinery, barges, but excluding seagoing ships and aeroplanes. ( July 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources.
